Different integumentary and other fungal infections are treated and managed with the help of the drug clotrimazole
Different integumentary and other fungal infections are treated and managed with the help of the drug clotrimazole
150- 200 words each response. formatted and (in text )cited in current APA style with support from at least 1 academic source for each question.
Question 1: Clotrimazole is an anti-fungal medication used to treat fungal infections. It is commonly used to treat athlete’s foot, jock itch, ringworm, and yeast infections of the skin, mouth, and vagina. It works by killing the fungi and preventing their growth. Topical Clotrimazole works by inhibiting the growth of fungi by disrupting the cell membranes (Sharma et al., 2022). This disruption leads to a decrease in the production of ergosterol, an essential component of the fungal cell membrane. This ultimately causes the cell membrane to become more permeable and leads to cell death. Additionally, Clotrimazole may interfere with the metabolism of the fungi by inhibiting the enzymes necessary for the synthesis of specific proteins and lipids. Clotrimazole damages the fungus’s membrane, making it unable to survive and reproduce. This allows the body’s natural defense mechanisms to eliminate the infection. It also prevents the fungi from spreading to other parts of the body. Clotrimazole can be administered topically, orally, or vaginally. It is usually available in cream, lotion, or solution form when applied topically. It is usually applied twice daily until the infection clears up. When taken orally, it is in the form of a tablet or suspension. It is usually taken twice a day until the infection has been resolved. When taken vaginally, it is in the form of a cream, tablet, or capsule. It is usually inserted into the vagina once a day for three to seven days. Clotrimazole is generally safe and well-tolerated. Common side effects include skin irritation, itching, and burning.
Uses of Anti-fungal Drugs and Their Side Effects
Anti-fungal drugs are medications used to treat fungal infections. These drugs kill or inhibit the growth of fungi, which are micro-organisms that can cause various diseases. Fungal infections can range from mild skin and nail infections to more severe conditions, such as candidiasis, an infection of the mouth and throat. Anti-fungal drugs are used to treat both systemic and localized fungal infections. Systemic fungal infections are those that occur throughout the body, while localized fungal infections are those that occur in one particular area. Systemic fungal infections can be more challenging to treat and may require longer courses of treatment than localized infections. The most commonly used anti-fungal drugs are the azoles, which include fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole. These drugs prevent the fungi from producing a particular enzyme needed for their growth. Other anti-fungal drugs include amphotericin B, caspofungin, and terbinafine. These drugs work differently than the azoles but prevent the fungi from growing. Anti-fungal drugs are generally safe and well tolerated but can cause side effects. Anti-fungal drugs’ most common side effects are nausea, vomiting, and diarrhea (Quindos et al., 2019 ). Other side effects may include headache, dizziness, rash, and itching. Some anti-fungal drugs can also cause liver damage, so discussing potential risks with your doctor before starting treatment is essential. In addition, some anti-fungal drugs can interact with other medications, so it is essential to let your doctor know all of the medications and supplements you are taking. You should also tell your doctor if you have any allergies or medical conditions that could be affected by the anti-fungal drug.
Teaching Plan
I would advise Ms. Jones to observe the following; change diapers regularly as soon as they are wet or soiled. Use disposable diapers: Disposable diapers allow air to circulate more efficiently and can help prevent diaper rash. Clean the diaper area thoroughly: Every time you change a diaper, clean the diaper area thoroughly with warm water and gentle soap. Make sure to dry the area completely before putting on a new diaper. Avoid tight clothing: Tight clothing can cause excess moisture and heat, leading to diaper rash. Use a diaper cream: Use a diaper cream that contains an anti-fungal such as Miconazole or Clotrimazole. Avoid scented products: Avoid using scented wipes, soaps, and diaper creams. These can irritate a baby’s delicate skin. I would also advise Ms. Jones to avoid the application of antibiotics without a doctor’s prescription because it is likely to worsen conditions caused by a fungal infection. Antibiotic creams can potentially worsen diaper candida because antibiotics disrupt the natural balance of bacteria in the body and cause an overgrowth of certain species of fungi, such as candida (Islam et al., 2018). While antibiotic creams can effectively treat bacterial infections, they can worsen candida infections. In particular, antibiotic creams can worsen diaper candida by allowing the fungus to grow quickly and spread further.
Question two: Different integumentary and other fungal infections are treated and managed with the help of the drug clotrimazole. The Federal Drug Association has given the medication approval to successfully treat a variety of diseases. Clotrimazole works primarily by reducing the permeability of a barrier that is present in the fungi’s cytoplasmic membrane, according to its mode of action. The medication prevents the demethylation of alpha lanosterol by preventing the synthesis of ergosterol in a concentration-dependent manner (Zhao et al., 2020). The medication belongs to the group of antifungal imidazoles.
Antifungal Uses and Side Effects
Athletes’ foot, dermatophytes, and oral and vaginal candidiasis are among the illnesses that are treated with clotrimazole. Additionally, tinea corporis and other skin infections that cause a red, scaly rash that can appear on any area of the body are treated with clotrimazole. The skin, feet, buttocks, and groin can all become infected with fungi. Topical cream, topical solution, powder, lotion, vaginal cream, pill, and kit dosages are all available for clotrimazole. The polyenes, including nystatin and amphotericin B, are used to treat invasive aspergillosis, cryptococcal meningitis, and oral infections, according to Nicola et al. (2019). The enzyme that the membrane needs to operate properly is inhibited by the allylamines. Terbinafine is one illustration. The enzyme involved in building the fungal wall is changed by echinocandins. Examples include caspofungin and anidulafungin, which are used to treat esophageal candida. Clotrimazole can cause a number of serious dermatological side effects, such as burning, swelling, stinging, irritation, erythema, skin tenderness, blistering, peeling, and bumps that resemble pimples. Additionally, taking clotrimazole may cause allergic responses include breathing issues and swelling of the lips, face, tongue, and neck. The intravaginal usage causes a burning feeling, cramping, itching, bleeding, and pain in the genitourinary system. Rash and vulvar lesions can also happen (Arcangelo et al., 2017). Utilizing clotrimazole too frequently may increase the likelihood of having adrenal gland issues. Pediatric patients and individuals who have used the medication for a long time are at higher risk.
Teaching Plan and Age-Appropriate Considerations
Patient education on the symptoms of a fungus infection in infant Sam is the first step in preparing for Ms. Jones’ lessons. The location affects the symptoms of a yeast infection. A transparent fluid-oozing patch and a bright red rash with a thick white coating on the tongue are two common symptoms that appear near the navel. Red skin with spots that resemble pimples and a rash are some signs of a diaper yeast infection that don’t go away with standard creams (Carr et al., 2020) The genitals, legs, and buttock region are the main locations where it happens. The moist environment of an unsanitary diaper, particularly if there is an existing untreated rash, is what causes yeast infections in babies. The purpose of instruction is to promote skin healing, treat the illness, and minimize exposure to new infections. Ms. Jones’s duties as a teacher also involve keeping the space tidy. After changing the diaper, the mother should clean the area around it to get rid of any yeast that may have already grown there and lower the chance of developing other illnesses. When changing the baby’s diaper, the mother should also wash her hands and whatever the child landed on (Arcangelo et al., 2017). Keeping the diaper area dry is important because yeast loves moist environments. The region can air dry after a diaper change. The baby should have time to dry the region without wearing diapers. The mother should limit the use of wipes and stay away from irritants like soap and bubble baths. After three days, Ms. Jones should experience improvement.
References
Arcangelo, P.V., Peterson, M. A., Wilbur, V., & Reinhold, A. J. (2017) Pharmacotherapeutics for Advanced Practice: A Practical Approach (4th Ed.) http://library.lol/main/ADF462249FA0FB800AE6978ECA…
Carr, A. N., DeWitt, T., Cork, M. J., Eichenfield, L. F., Fölster-Holst, R., Hohl, D., Lane, A. T., Paller, A., Pickering, L., Taieb, A., Cui, T. Y., Xu, Z. G., Wang, X., Brink, S., Niu, Y., Ogle, J., Odio, M., & Gibb, R. D. (2020). Diaper dermatitis prevalence and severity: Global perspective on the impact of caregiver behavior. Pediatric dermatology, 37(1), 130–136. https://doi.org/10.1111/pde.14047
Nicola, A. M., Albuquerque, P., Paes, H. C., Fernandes, L., Costa, F. F., Kioshima, E. S., Abadio, A., Bocca, A. L., & Felipe, M. S. (2019). Antifungal drugs: new insights in research & development. Pharmacology & therapeutics, 195, 21–38. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pharmthera.2018.10.008
Zhao, D., Chen, B., Wang, Y. T., & Jiao, C. H. (2020). Topical clotrimazole cream for the treatment of tinea cruris: A retrospective study. Medicine, 99(47), e23189. https://doi.org/10.1097/MD.0000000000023189
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