The world is home to a diverse population characterized by different beliefs, religions, races, ethnicity, age, sexuality, and gender
The world is home to a diverse population characterized by different beliefs, religions, races, ethnicity, age, sexuality, and gender
hi! great job as always! , please find attached the 2 peer discussion post that needs responses. I need each one to be 150 words and 1 reference in the citation. Please make sure to include all the authors. Follow the instructions below and let me know if you have any questions. I will need the replies in 24 Hrs
You should respond to at least two peers by extending, refuting/correcting or adding additional nuance to their post. All replies must be constructive and use literature such as one intext citation from one scholarly source
peer 1 Alena:
The world is home to a diverse population characterized by different beliefs, religions, races, ethnicity, age, sexuality, and gender, among other differences. Despite these differences, everyone needs quality healthcare services to restore health and prevent illnesses. In this case, healthcare systems and providers must embrace diversity to offer equal, fair, and quality care to all patients without discrimination to have a healthy society (Sarfraz et al., 2021). Thus, cultural competency is essential among care providers as it is anchored on meeting patients’ specific health needs, considering each patient’s values and preferences for better outcomes. However, discrimination affects not only people in healthcare systems but also at the community level, where certain people are discriminated against, eventually affecting their willingness to seek care for fear of being prejudiced and stereotyped (Handlovsky et al., 2018).
The Haitian community is preserved on homosexual rights. Ronald and his family from this community cannot discuss homosexuality openly as their culture and religious beliefs do not allow it. Chaux et al. (2021) revealed that homosexual rights in the Haitian community are denied as they are considered to contradict cultural and religious values and morals. As a result, people engage in homosexuality in secret for fear of discrimination. In this case, Ronald has never disclosed to his parents that he is gay for fear of being considered an outcast for acting against cultural and religious values. Further, Purnell et al. (2018) noted that the Haitian community only recognizes male and female sexual relations as legit condemning homosexuality. Thus, the Haitian community does not recognize homosexuality as such acts are considered against cultural and religious values and morals, forcing people into homosexuality to do it in secret for fear of discrimination.
Based on Ronald’s parent’s religious and traditional beliefs rooted in Haitian culture, they are likely to act negatively by discriminating, disowning, and considering him a disgrace upon learning of his positive HIV status. Purnell et al. (2018) noted the high prevalence of discrimination against HIV and the myths associated with it among the Haitian community. Thus, the parents are likely to view Ronald as a disgrace to their family for bringing them shame in society for being HIV positive acquired through sinful sexual acts. The self-esteem of Ronald’s parents is also likely to be affected by Ronald’s HIV status since it is a stigmatized condition, and they are likely to deny him the needed support. Thus, Ronald is likely to be affected physically and mentally by the parent’s reactions to learning his positive HIV status, risking stress and depression.
Culturally congruent strategies for HIV prevention are essential in the Haitian community. One strategy is to involve local traditional and religious leaders who are influential in the community in developing and implementing HIV-preventative strategies (Harvey et al., 2020). Another strategy is addressing the stigmatization of HIV by offering the community facts on HIV to eliminate myths and encourage people to talk about it, get screened, and seek treatment. The last culturally congruent strategy is to advocate for diversity in the community and healthcare system to address discrimination and encourage people like Ronald to seek treatment.
References
Chaux, E., León, M., Cuellar, L., & Martínez, J. (2021). Public Opinion Toward LGBT People and Rights in Latin America and the Caribbean. Oxford Research Encyclopedia of Politics. https://doi.org/10.1093/acrefore/9780190228637.013.1941Links to an external site.
Fuchs, H., & Leven, K. H. (2021). AIDS & Haiti–Discourses on Origin, Stigma, and Blame. Historical Social Research/Historische Sozialforschung. Supplement, (33), 128-146.
Handlovsky, I., Bungay, V., Oliffe, J., & Johnson, J. (2018). Developing Resilience: Gay Men’s Response to Systemic Discrimination. American Journal of Men’s Health, 12(5), 1473-1485. https://doi.org/10.1177/1557988318768607
Harvey, M., Neff, J., Knight, K., Mukherjee, J., Shamasunder, S., & Le, P. et al. (2020). Structural competency and global health education. Global Public Health, 1-22. https://doi.org/10.1080/17441692.2020.1864751Links to an external site.
Purnell, L., Pacquiao, D., & Douglas, M. (2018). Case Study: Stigmatization of an HIV+ Haitian Male. Global Applications of Culturally Competent Health Care: Guidelines for Practice, 161-165. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-69332-3_18Links to an external site.
Sarfraz, A., Sarfraz, Z., Barrios, A., Agadi, K., Thevuthasan, S., & Pandav, K. et al. (2021). Understanding and Promoting Racial Diversity in Healthcare Settings to Address Disparities in Pandemic Crisis Management. Journal Of Primary Care & Community Health, 12, 215013272110183. https://doi.org/10.1177/21501327211018354Links to an external site.
Sawicki, D., Meffert, B., Read, K., & Heinz, A. (2019). Culturally competent health care for sex workers: an examination of myths that stigmatize sex work and hinder access to care. Sexual And Relationship Therapy, 34(3), 355-371. https://doi.org/10.1080/14681994.2019.1574970Links to an external site.
Peer 2 Susana:
Haitians’ Views on Homosexuality
Homosexuality is strongly stigmatized in Haitian society since it is incompatible with the country’s fundamental cultural norms. According to research by Dévieux et al. (2022), most of the Haitian community opposes homosexuality; therefore, most Haitian homosexuals endure shame and discrimination. The research concludes that stigma based on sexual orientation is justifiable in Haitian society since non-heterosexual conduct is inconsistent with community values. Sexual stigma within the community, particularly among non-heterosexual persons, has been linked to an increased risk of contracting HIV, particularly among males who participate in unprotected anal intercourse and have sex with other men. Homosexual activity in the Haitian community is seen as marginalized behavior and continues to be a significant impediment to efforts to prevent and cure HIV in high-risk groups, including homosexuals. The church, family, and societal views of Haitians suggest that homosexuals face numerous levels of discrimination andostracism based on their sexual conduct.
How Ronald’s Parents Might React
If Ronald’s parents are devout and conventional, they may have a negative reaction to his HIV-positive condition. While gay actions are seen as unnatural by Haitian religious andtraditional views, homosexuals’ rights are opposed. Sexual traditionalists are opposed to contemporary sexual orientation concerns that are not conducive to reproduction. More than 45 percent of Americans feel there is a contradiction between religious views and gay activities, according to epidemiological research. More than 65% of individuals who attend religious services weekly or more say that homosexuality violates their religious views and so they cannot support it (Westwood, 2022). In addition, about 75 percent of evangelical protestants and more than 60 percent of Catholics maintain their religious views that ban homosexual activity, indicating that if Ronald’s parents discovered his sexual orientation, they may not approve.
Among the religious and traditional grounds against the legitimacy of gay activity are the biblical viewpoint and the traditional concept of reproduction. Religious folks believe that homosexuality is extensively mentioned in the Bible, and that it is forbidden because it does not represent the original purpose for the creation of man and the sexual union between husband and wife as stated in the Bible (Carlstrom, 2020). In addition, the biblical perspective maintains that there is only one choice for sexual union, which is between a husband and a wife, highlighting that alternative definitions, such as homosexuality and lesbianism, are incompatible with biblical perspectives. Thirdly, if Ronald’s parents were religious and conventional, they would claim that reproduction can only occur naturally when males and females participate in sexual activity, which disapproves of other types of sexual interaction such as homosexuality.
Culturally Congruent Strategies
Understanding their religious beliefs is the first step in tackling HIV prevention measures in the Haitian community in a manner that is culturally appropriate. Most Haitians believe in the presence of God; hence, preventative strategies must include religious and spiritual treatments. Second, it is essential to communicate in the language most often used by communities. Many Haitians speak Haitian Creole and French, although just a small percentage of the population prefers Spanish or English (Yakpo, 2021). Thus, HIV preventive methods must be communicated to patients in a language that is not only comprehensible but also relevant to them. Finally, it is essential to comprehend their cultural beliefs towards sex, sexually transmitted illnesses such as HIV, and prevention measures to ensure that the prescribed treatments correspond to their preferences.
References
Carlström, C. (2020). “God’s word does not change as trends do”-Contemporary discourses.
on homosexuality in Swedish Christianity. Theology & Sexuality 26 (1), 28-44
Dévieux, J. G., Vertovec, J., Jean-Gilles, M., Rosenberg, R., René, C., Cyrus, E., Jean, S. E.,
& Dunbar, W. (2022). Patterns of sexual and HIV-related stigma among men who
have sex with men and women living with HIV in Haiti.
Westwood, S. (2022). Religious‐based negative attitudes towards LGBTQ people among
healthcare, social care and social work students and professionals: A review of the
international literature. Health & Social Care in the Community,30(5), e1449.
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